一篇文章帶你搞懂2016年6月英語四六級聽力改革【2】

六級聽力試題調整內容

1. 取消短對話，2. 取消短文聽寫，3. 聽力篇章調整為2篇（原3篇），4. 新增講座/講話（3篇）。其他測試內容不變。調整后六級聽力部分的試題結構見下表：

除了取消掉小對話和復合式聽寫以外，最大的變化就是增加了講座和講話，其背后暗示的是四六級級命題委員會要加強大學生，尤其是碩士研究生在國外利用英語的新知識學習能力，增加講座測試的意義在於，假設學生走進英語國家的大學課堂，你是否能聽懂真正的外國教授的英文授課，這種題型的設計更加接近於托福考試中的lecture，命題設計也和托福考試十分相似，其出題點在於：

1.段首段尾句：任何一個篇章第一句話往往是重點

2.設問句：一般疑問聽升調，特殊疑問聽特殊疑問詞（5w+1h)

3.總結性質的詞匯：in brief, in particular, in short, all in all, generally speaking, conclude, conclusion, in a word, so , you see, in fact, we can say, ok, anyway

4.重復性質的信息：指實詞重復

5.首段轉折：在第一段中出現but，however, yet, instead, today 后往往是正確答案

6.轉折對比處：passage中出現轉折對比的詞匯，往往被轉折對比的后面為正確答案。

Although, though, even though, despite, in spite of, however, but, yet, well, not…but…, instead, on the other hand, unexpected, unexpectedly, unfortunately, fortunately

7.因果關系：重因輕果

because, cause, for, as, since, be due to, lead to, result from, result in, as a result

8.定義處：something can be defined as something, that is so called, we call it... the definition of ... is...

9.強調處：語氣強硬的詞匯，形容詞，副詞最高級

10.特殊修辭：排比處、舉例處、比喻處

六級“講座/講話聽力

該題型選取講座或演講的錄音作為聽力素材，基於內容設置單選題，一共三篇講座或演講，共10題。從官方提供的樣題中可見其特點，新六級樣題講座/講話聽力第三段：

樣題題干：

Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 23 to 25.

23. A) The guaranteed quality of its goods.

B) The huge volume of its annual sales.

C) The service it provides to its customers.

D) The high value-to-weight ratio of its goods.

24. A) Those having a taste or smell component.

B) Products potentially embarrassing to buy.

C) Those that require very careful handling.

D) Services involving a personal element.

25. A) Those who live in the virtual world.

B) Those who have to work long hours.

C) Those who are used to online transactions.

D) Those who don’t mind paying a little more.

【題型解讀】

選項難度和六級聽力選項一貫難度保持一致，結合樣題中的三篇演講題的選項，由長句子構成的選項明顯變得更多，對考生預習選項的能力有了更高的要求，此為難點一﹔由於講座、演講的內容總是和某一專業性主題相關，所以在內容上容易出現專業性較強的表述，如樣題中23題的D選項“The high value-to-weight ratio of its goods.”，在閱讀選項的時候，這些選項會造成不小障礙，此為難點二。

樣題原文：

Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 23 to 25.

I’d like to look at a vital aspect of e-commerce, and that is the nature of the product or service. There are certain products and services that are very suitable for selling online, and others that simply don’t work.

23.Suitable products generally have a high value-to-weight ratio. Items such as CDs and DVDs are obvious examples. Books, although heavier and so more expensive to post, 23.still have a high enough value-to-weight ratio, as the success of Amazon, which started off selling only books, shows. Laptop computers are another good product for selling online.

Digital products, such as software, films and music, can be sold in a purely virtual environment. The goods are paid for by online transactions, and then downloaded onto the buyer’s computer. There are no postage or delivery costs, so prices can be kept low.

Many successful virtual companies provide digital services, such as financial transactions, in the case of Paypal, or means of communication, as Skype does. The key to success here is providing an easy-to-use, reliable service. Do this and you can easily become the market leader, as Skype has proved.

Products which are potentially embarrassing to buy also do well in the virtual environment. Some of the most profitable e-commerce companies are those selling sex-related products or services. For a similar reason, online gambling is highly popular.

24. Products which are usually considered unsuitable for selling online include those that have a taste or smell component. Food, especially fresh food, falls into this category, along with perfume. Clothes and other items that need to be tried on such as diamond rings and gold necklaces are generally not suited to virtual retailing, and, of course, items with a low value-to-weight ratio.

There are exceptions, though. Online grocery shopping has really taken off, with most major supermarkets offering the service. The inconvenience of not being able to see the food you are buying is outweighed by the time saved and convenience of having the goods delivered. 25.Typical users of online supermarkets include the elderly, people who work long hours and those without their own transport.

23. What is important to the success of an online store?D

24. What products are unsuitable for selling online?A

25. Who are more likely to buy groceries online? B

【題型解讀】

新六級的講座/講話聽力素材來源比較復雜，樣題中第一篇來自托福原題，第二篇來自VOA，最長的一篇原文字數達到了450詞。

講座/講話聽力題型的內容往往會比較專業，但是在形式上，由於是演講內容，很多時候更偏向於口語表達。這類題型同樣有著特定的行文方式和風格，考生需要靠日常多積累，多練習，方能輕鬆應對。

最后這類題型值得關注的，也是最重要的一點，樣題中幾乎所有題目的正確答案都在原文中完整被呈現出來，也就是俗稱的“聽到什麼選什麼”，和被取消的考查邏輯思維的短對話相比，從某種程度上說，對考生來說反而是好事。

我們推薦參加六級考試的同學，去聽哈佛、耶魯等名校公開課，選擇難度較低的，偏社會學科類別的課程進行學習和積累，另外也可以到TED的官網去聽TED演講。