一篇文章带你搞懂2016年6月英语四六级听力改革【2】

六级听力试题调整内容

1. 取消短对话，2. 取消短文听写，3. 听力篇章调整为2篇（原3篇），4. 新增讲座/讲话（3篇）。其他测试内容不变。调整后六级听力部分的试题结构见下表：

除了取消掉小对话和复合式听写以外，最大的变化就是增加了讲座和讲话，其背后暗示的是四六级级命题委员会要加强大学生，尤其是硕士研究生在国外利用英语的新知识学习能力，增加讲座测试的意义在于，假设学生走进英语国家的大学课堂，你是否能听懂真正的外国教授的英文授课，这种题型的设计更加接近于托福考试中的lecture，命题设计也和托福考试十分相似，其出题点在于：

1.段首段尾句：任何一个篇章第一句话往往是重点

2.设问句：一般疑问听升调，特殊疑问听特殊疑问词（5w+1h)

3.总结性质的词汇：in brief, in particular, in short, all in all, generally speaking, conclude, conclusion, in a word, so , you see, in fact, we can say, ok, anyway

4.重复性质的信息：指实词重复

5.首段转折：在第一段中出现but，however, yet, instead, today 后往往是正确答案

6.转折对比处：passage中出现转折对比的词汇，往往被转折对比的后面为正确答案。

Although, though, even though, despite, in spite of, however, but, yet, well, not…but…, instead, on the other hand, unexpected, unexpectedly, unfortunately, fortunately

7.因果关系：重因轻果

because, cause, for, as, since, be due to, lead to, result from, result in, as a result

8.定义处：something can be defined as something, that is so called, we call it... the definition of ... is...

9.强调处：语气强硬的词汇，形容词，副词最高级

10.特殊修辞：排比处、举例处、比喻处

六级“讲座/讲话听力

该题型选取讲座或演讲的录音作为听力素材，基于内容设置单选题，一共三篇讲座或演讲，共10题。从官方提供的样题中可见其特点，新六级样题讲座/讲话听力第三段：

样题题干：

Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 23 to 25.

23. A) The guaranteed quality of its goods.

B) The huge volume of its annual sales.

C) The service it provides to its customers.

D) The high value-to-weight ratio of its goods.

24. A) Those having a taste or smell component.

B) Products potentially embarrassing to buy.

C) Those that require very careful handling.

D) Services involving a personal element.

25. A) Those who live in the virtual world.

B) Those who have to work long hours.

C) Those who are used to online transactions.

D) Those who don’t mind paying a little more.

【题型解读】

选项难度和六级听力选项一贯难度保持一致，结合样题中的三篇演讲题的选项，由长句子构成的选项明显变得更多，对考生预习选项的能力有了更高的要求，此为难点一；由于讲座、演讲的内容总是和某一专业性主题相关，所以在内容上容易出现专业性较强的表述，如样题中23题的D选项“The high value-to-weight ratio of its goods.”，在阅读选项的时候，这些选项会造成不小障碍，此为难点二。

样题原文：

Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 23 to 25.

I’d like to look at a vital aspect of e-commerce, and that is the nature of the product or service. There are certain products and services that are very suitable for selling online, and others that simply don’t work.

23.Suitable products generally have a high value-to-weight ratio. Items such as CDs and DVDs are obvious examples. Books, although heavier and so more expensive to post, 23.still have a high enough value-to-weight ratio, as the success of Amazon, which started off selling only books, shows. Laptop computers are another good product for selling online.

Digital products, such as software, films and music, can be sold in a purely virtual environment. The goods are paid for by online transactions, and then downloaded onto the buyer’s computer. There are no postage or delivery costs, so prices can be kept low.

Many successful virtual companies provide digital services, such as financial transactions, in the case of Paypal, or means of communication, as Skype does. The key to success here is providing an easy-to-use, reliable service. Do this and you can easily become the market leader, as Skype has proved.

Products which are potentially embarrassing to buy also do well in the virtual environment. Some of the most profitable e-commerce companies are those selling sex-related products or services. For a similar reason, online gambling is highly popular.

24. Products which are usually considered unsuitable for selling online include those that have a taste or smell component. Food, especially fresh food, falls into this category, along with perfume. Clothes and other items that need to be tried on such as diamond rings and gold necklaces are generally not suited to virtual retailing, and, of course, items with a low value-to-weight ratio.

There are exceptions, though. Online grocery shopping has really taken off, with most major supermarkets offering the service. The inconvenience of not being able to see the food you are buying is outweighed by the time saved and convenience of having the goods delivered. 25.Typical users of online supermarkets include the elderly, people who work long hours and those without their own transport.

23. What is important to the success of an online store?D

24. What products are unsuitable for selling online?A

25. Who are more likely to buy groceries online? B

【题型解读】

新六级的讲座/讲话听力素材来源比较复杂，样题中第一篇来自托福原题，第二篇来自VOA，最长的一篇原文字数达到了450词。

讲座/讲话听力题型的内容往往会比较专业，但是在形式上，由于是演讲内容，很多时候更偏向于口语表达。这类题型同样有着特定的行文方式和风格，考生需要靠日常多积累，多练习，方能轻松应对。

最后这类题型值得关注的，也是最重要的一点，样题中几乎所有题目的正确答案都在原文中完整被呈现出来，也就是俗称的“听到什么选什么”，和被取消的考查逻辑思维的短对话相比，从某种程度上说，对考生来说反而是好事。

我们推荐参加六级考试的同学，去听哈佛、耶鲁等名校公开课，选择难度较低的，偏社会学科类别的课程进行学习和积累，另外也可以到TED的官网去听TED演讲。